Treatment of Male Infertility

There are several treatment options in case of male infertility –

Hormonal Medications

In case of low hormones-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

1. 1. Clomiphene citrate – Clomiphene citrate can be used in male infertility treatment. It helps to stimulate the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) that increases the testosterone levels and help in increasing sperm production.
   2. Aromatase inhibitors – Aromatase inhibitors (Letrozole) are medications that block the conversion of testosterone to estrogen. They can be used in cases where high levels of estrogen are contributing to male infertility. By reducing estrogen levels, aromatase inhibitors can help restore hormonal balance and improve sperm production.
   3. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) – FSH is a hormone which is administered via injection and stimulates the testes to produce testosterone and improve sperm production. In some cases, the pituitary gland fails to produce adequate levels of gonadotropins, leading to infertility. Gonadotropin therapy involves the use of medications such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to stimulate sperm production.
   4. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) – HCG is a hormone that mimics luteinizing hormone (LH). It is administered via injection and stimulates the testes to produce testosterone and improve sperm production.

Antibiotics

In cases where male infertility is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed depending on the specific infection to treat the infection and improve fertility.

Vitamins and Antioxidants

1.  Vitamin E: Another potent antioxidant, vitamin E protects sperm cell membranes from oxidative damage. It has been found to improve sperm motility and enhance overall sperm quality.
2. Selenium: This mineral acts as an antioxidant and is vital for sperm production. Selenium helps protect sperm from oxidative damage and supports sperm motility.
3. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10): CoQ10 is a powerful antioxidant that can improve sperm count, motility, and morphology. It also plays a crucial role in energy production within the sperm cells.
4. Lycopene: Found in tomatoes and other red fruits, lycopene is an antioxidant that has been associated with improved sperm quality and motility.
5. Zinc: Zinc is essential for sperm production and overall male reproductive health. It helps maintain proper testosterone levels and sperm quality.
6. Carnitine is an amino acid derivative that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism by transporting fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they are utilized as a source of energy. It is naturally synthesized in the body and can also be obtained through dietary sources, particularly red meat and dairy products.